The chrome plating process has many applications in the manufacturing, production and consumer goods industries. Commonly known as just "chrome," chrome plating provides a protective coating and shiny luster when applied to metal parts and products. Chrome plating can have decorative purposes or can enhance the desirable properties of machine components. You can achieve these two goals with different types of chrome plating — decorative chrome plating and hard chrome plating.
You may be wondering, "What is decorative plating, and how does it differ from industrial plating?" Each type of chrome plating offers distinct benefits for the chrome finish. This piece will outline the differences between decorative and hard chrome plating to help you select the best chrome for your project.
The primary difference between decorative chrome and hard chrome plating is the thickness of the chrome plating on the final product. Decorative chrome plating is thinner than hard chrome and is primarily for aesthetic appeal and as a protective coating. Hard chrome plating is thicker than decorative chrome finishes and is useful in many industrial applications for its strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and other beneficial properties.
Decorative chrome and hard chrome plating result from the same chrome manufacturing process but differ in their final properties and common applications. Chrome plating uses an electrolytic process that applies chromium plating to a metal component in an electrolytic bath at a rate of about 25 to 30 microns per hour. The substrate first gets cleaned thoroughly and, if necessary, treated with chemicals to improve the adhesion of the plating. The component then goes into a chrome plating vat for chrome dipping, where an electric current deposits chromium onto the substrate.
The electrolytic process and chrome dipping apply both types of chrome plating evenly to components of unusual shapes, sizes and textures. Hard and decorative chrome plating can adhere effectively to ridged or flat surfaces, in small holes or recesses and to cylindrical parts. With a large enough plating vat, you can apply chrome plating to metal components of nearly any size. The versatility of chrome plating makes it a popular chrome finishing choice for a wide range of applications in manufacturing and consumer goods.
A variety of industrial applications use hard chrome plating to increase the wear and corrosion resistance of equipment components. Also known as engineered chrome or industrial chrome, hard chrome plating reduces friction between machine parts and improves component durability. A hard chrome coating extends the lifespan of machine components and reduces maintenance downtime and expenses.
Hard chrome plating can also be useful in repairing damaged, worn or mis-machined parts. A component that is too small or has become worn down can benefit from applying a thick coating of hard chrome plating to return it to the correct dimensions. Stripping the damaged plating through a chemical process and applying new hard chrome plating can repair a damaged part.
Hard chrome plating can apply to a wide variety of base metals to strengthen an equipment component without compromising its original properties. Base metals that chrome plating can be applied to include: steel, stainless steel, copper, brass, bronze, and more. Depending on the specific purpose, hard chrome plating can vary widely in thickness to meet precise project needs. The strength and durability of hard chrome plating make it extremely beneficial in a variety of applications, such as:
Hard chrome plating can benefit nearly any machine component or part. Because of its low friction, hard chrome plating is effective for moving parts like rotors and pistons to reduce operating temperatures and improve the lifespan of equipment parts. Manufacturers of hard chrome plating can polish it to superior smoothness for rounded components like print cylinders and rollers, while still providing exceptional resistance to wear when used with abrasive products like textiles, paper, limestone or sand.
Hard chrome is also easy to clean and sanitize, making it a popular choice for the food and beverage processing industry. The superior corrosion resistance of hard chrome plating makes it effective in pharmaceutical, chemical and oil and gas applications as well. Other industries where you can see hard chrome plating at work include printing, textiles, mining, agriculture, paper, manufacturing and many others.
Decorative chrome plating has more limited applications than hard chrome plating, but serves an essential role in many industries. Although it does not offer the same strength and durability as hard chrome, decorative chrome finishes can still provide a thin protective coating when applied to automobile parts, tools and utensils. Decorative chrome finishes protects against rust and wear when products get exposed to wet or corrosive conditions.
Decorative chrome plating also provides a smooth and shiny appearance that is easy to clean, making it desirable for various consumer products. If used solely for aesthetic appeal, decorative chrome plating is sometimes applied using inexpensive imitation chrome finishes instead of actual chromium. Here are a few common applications of decorative chrome plating.
You might hear people call decorative chrome plating nickel-chrome plating, as it gets applied over nickel plating, rather than directly to the metal substrate. In some applications, copper plating also gets first to improve the strength of the final product. Decorative chrome plating is very thin compared to more durable hard chrome plating, typically measuring just a few millionths of a meter.
Hard chrome plating is an electroplating process that involves applying a layer of chromium to a surface by submerging it in a chromic acid solution. Hard chrome plating can increase the durability, hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of metal components for more effective use in machinery and equipment. It is possible to apply chrome plating without altering the properties of the original component, and deposit it in the precise thickness necessary for a specific application. Hard chrome plating creates a surface that is very hard (68-72 Rockwell C), highly wear and corrosion resistant, has a low coefficient of friction, and very smooth and easy to clean. Here are some of the benefits of hard chrome plating and the desirable properties it offers.
These benefits of commercial chrome plating can enhance the existing properties of metal components for more effective use in many industrial applications. Companies can maximize the beneficial properties of their hard chrome plating by adjusting the thickness of the plating for increased hardness and durability. Through different chrome finishing techniques, hard chrome plating can provide the precise benefits a project requires.
Decorative chrome plating is primarily an aesthetic feature, though it also protects against corrosion and wear. However, because decorative chrome is so thin — ranging from about five to eight micrometers when applied over nickel plating — it does not offer as much durability as hard chrome plating. If you find yourself asking, "How long does decorative chrome plating last?" you should be aware that it can wear off over time. Here are the primary benefits of decorative chrome plating.
For applications where aesthetics and function are essential, decorative chrome plating can work well. Attractive and corrosion-resistant decorative chrome can enhance many consumer goods.
Decorative chrome plating offers exceptional aesthetic appeal, while hard chrome plating provides superior strength and hardness, low friction and lasting durability. Both types of chrome plating are useful for different applications, and the best plating method for you will depend on your unique project needs. For consumer goods, decorative chrome plating can provide the necessary protection and desired appearance, while hard chrome plating is better-suited for high-stress industrial applications.
If your project requires durable metal plating, Hard Chrome Specialists can provide high-quality hard chrome plating to meet your needs. Hard Chrome Specialists is a leader in industrial chrome plating, and we use our expertise to deliver top-quality hard chrome plating for any application. Because we perform our chrome plating in-house, we have precise control over the quality of your final product. To learn more about hard chrome plating from Hard Chrome Specialists, contact us today.
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