Powdered activated carbon for flue gas purification from incineration of domestic waste

Incineration can effectively reduce the volume of waste, but it will also cause environmental pollution. As an important purification material, powdered activated carbon is becoming the key to solve the pollution of incineration flue gas

 

With the continuous acceleration of urbanization, domestic waste treatment has become a hot topic of concern. Incineration, as a common method of waste treatment, can effectively reduce the volume of waste, but it also produces a large amount of harmful gases and particulate matter, causing environmental pollution. Preformed Line, as an important purification material, is becoming the key to solving incineration flue gas pollution. However, it is not easy to choose the right powdered activated carbon, because there are many types on the market, each with different characteristics.

Characteristics of different types of powdered activated carbon

Wooden activated carbon: Wooden activated carbon is made from wood. Its pore structure is relatively uniform, which makes it have good adsorption effect. In addition, wood activated carbon also has strong high temperature resistance and is suitable for flue gas purification in high temperature environments.  

Coconut shell activated carbon: Coconut shell activated carbon is made from coconut shell. It has high hardness and large porosity, so it has strong adsorption capacity. Coconut shell activated carbon has a remarkable effect in adsorbing harmful substances and is a kind of powdered activated carbon with excellent performance.  

Coal-based activated carbon: Coal-based activated carbon is made from coal. Its pore structure is relatively complex and its adsorption speed is fast. Coal-based activated carbon performs well in flue gas purification, especially its adsorption effect on particulate matter.

How to choose the most suitable powdered activated carbon

When choosing the most suitable powdered activated carbon, you need to consider several factors:  

1. Flue gas composition: According to the characteristics of the flue gas composition produced by burning garbage, select powdered activated carbon with appropriate adsorption characteristics.  

2. High temperature resistance: Considering the operating temperature of the incineration equipment, select powdered activated carbon with good high temperature resistance to ensure its stable operation in high temperature environments.  

3.Cost-effectiveness: Taking into account factors such as adsorption effect, high temperature resistance and price, select the most cost-effective powdered activated carbon to ensure economical and practical results.

4.Coal-based activated carbon has important application value in modern industry and is widely used in water treatment, air purification, chemical industry and food processing. Its superior adsorption performance and diverse forms make it an indispensable material in many industries. However, the production of high-quality coal-based activated carbon requires a large amount of raw materials, and different product indicators have a significant impact on raw material demand and production costs. Activated Carbon will discuss in detail the amount of coal required to produce one ton of coal-based activated carbon, as well as the impact of the key indicator of iodine value on production costs.

Production process of coal-based activated carbon  

Coal-based activated carbon is mainly made of anthracite and bituminous coal as raw materials, and is made through two main processes of carbonization and activation. Depending on the needs, coal-based activated carbon can be in various forms such as powder, cylindrical, granular and honeycomb.

 

The following are the main steps in the production of coal-based activated carbon:

1. Production process of coal-based activated carbon Coal-based activated carbon is mainly made of anthracite and bituminous coal as raw materials, through two main processes of carbonization and activation. Depending on the needs, coal-based activated carbon can be in various forms such as powder, cylindrical, granular and honeycomb.

The following are the main steps in the production of coal-based activated carbon:

1. Raw material selection and pretreatment High-quality anthracite or bituminous coal is selected as raw material. These coals are suitable as raw materials for making high-quality activated carbon due to their high carbon content and low impurity content. The pretreatment process includes steps such as crushing and screening to ensure that the particle size of the raw material is uniform, which is convenient for subsequent carbonization and activation treatment.

2. Carbonization Carbonization is to heat the pretreated coal to a high temperature (400-600℃) under anaerobic or anoxic conditions to remove the volatile components in the coal and form a preliminary carbonization product. The carbonization process will cause a significant mass loss of the raw material. Usually, the mass after carbonization is about 50-70% of the mass of the raw material.

3. Activation The carbonized product needs to be further activated to form a developed pore structure and improve its adsorption performance. There are two main activation methods: physical activation and chemical activation. Physical activation is usually carried out using water vapor or carbon dioxide at high temperature (800-1000°C); chemical activation is usually carried out using zinc chloride or phosphoric acid at a lower temperature. During the activation process, the carbonized material will further lose weight, and the final activated carbon mass is about 50-60% of the mass of the carbonized material.

Raw material requirements for producing one ton of coal-based activated carbon  

During the production process of coal-based activated carbon, due to the different raw materials and process conditions used by various companies, the loss ratio of raw materials in the production process (i.e. the ratio of raw materials converted into finished products) is also different. Generally: It takes about 2.5 tons of anthracite or bituminous coal (i.e. 2.5:1) to produce one ton of finished coal-based activated carbon with an iodine value of 800. It takes about 3 tons of anthracite or bituminous coal (i.e. 3:1) to produce one ton of finished coal-based activated carbon with an iodine value of 1000. The carbonization process will cause significant mass loss of raw materials. Usually, the mass of the carbonized product is about 50-70% of the mass of the raw material. The carbonized product needs to be further activated, and the activation process will also lead to further loss of quality. It usually takes more than 2 tons of anthracite or bituminous coal to produce one ton of coal-based activated carbon.